Risk of transmission of congenital cytomegalovirus in the north area of Madrid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4321/s2173-92772023000400005Keywords:
Congenital cytomegalovirus; Primary CMV infection; CMV IgG avidityAbstract
Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infection in developed countries. CMV-IgG avidity may be useful for pregnancy management.
Method: Retrospective study of pregnant women with CMV-IgM+ and IgG+ in the first trimester at the La Paz Hospital (Madrid) between 2018 and 2022.
Results: 98 pregnant women were included. CMV-IgG avidity was low in 63 cases (64%). Amniocentesis was performed in 62 cases, and 12 (19.3%) had positive CMV-PCR. Five newborns presented symptoms at birth (41.7%). Among pregnant women with high avidity (n=35), amniocentesis was performed in 19 (54%), all of which were negative. All newborns had negative urine CMV PCR. The risk of vertical transmission was significantly lower compared to pregnant women with low IgG avidity (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: In the northern area of Madrid, the majority of CMV infections are primary infections. The risk of congenital CMV is very low when IgG avidity is high in the first trimester.
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