Epidemiological Analysis of Human Q fever in Spain (2020-2024)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4321/s2173-92772025000300005Keywords:
Q fever, Coxiella burnetii, zoonoses, epidemiological surveillance, SpainAbstract
Introduction: Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii, a highly infectious and resistant bacterium. Spain notifies the highest number of cases in Europe.
Method: A descriptive analysis of autochthonous cases notified to RENAVE in the 2020-2024 period. Variables of person, place and time were analysed by calculating frequencies, percentages and notification rates (NR). Disease maps were generated.
Results: In 2024, 544 cases were notified (NR= 1.12), both maximum values for the period 2020-2024. Seasonality shifted, with increased cases in January and February. Andalusia notified the highest number of cases and Navarre the highest NR.
Discussion: The increase of cases is likely related to improved disease notification. Men over 45 years old are occupationally at-risk. A One Health approach is recommended.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Daniel Cifo, Diana Gómez-Barroso, David González-Barrio, Esteban Aznar-Cano, Laura Santos-Larrégola, Rosa M. Estévez-Reboredo
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