Toxoplasmosis: a continuing public health challenge

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a globally distributed zoonotic disease that continues to pose a significant public health challenge. Its complex biological cycle and multiple routes of transmission require a multidisciplinary approach based on the One Health concept, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health. Although most infections are asymptomatic, the disease can have serious consequences in immunocompromised individuals and during pregnancy because of the risk of congenital transmission and its potential sequelae. Advances in diagnostic techniques have improved early detection and clinical management, while epidemiological surveillance, food safety, and preventive strategies remain essential for disease control. This special issue brings together contributions from experts in different disciplines and provides an updated overview of the main clinical, epidemiological, and public health challenges associated with this important zoonosis.