Intervention to Improve the Physical and Emotional Well-being of Healthcare Workers Involved in Patient Mobilization at the Internal Medicine Ward of Lozano Blesa University Hospital

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the impact of a work-condition modification intervention, guided by the MAPO methodology, on workers’ wellbeing and musculoskeletal health.

Methods. A before-and-after quasi-experimental design was applied to 30 staff members (16 nursing assistants, 10 nurses and 4 orderlies). The strategy combined reinforcement of orderlies, introduction of mechanical aids (ceiling hoist, stand-assist device and sliding sheets) and an educational programme comprising three safe-handling workshops and two back-school sessions. Outcomes recorded were: MAPO index, Pemberton Happiness Index, Oswestry Disability Index, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire scores, BMI and sociodemographic data. Pre–post changes were analysed with paired t-tests or Wilcoxon tests according to normality; categorical variables were compared with X² tests.

Results. The weekday MAPO index fell from 6.3 to 1.9 points, a 69 % reduction that shifted risk from high (red) to moderate-low (yellow). Perceived wellbeing rose by 0.78 ± 1.22 points (p = 0.002; d = 0.64), with nurses showing the greatest improvement (+1.11). No significant changes were observed in lumbar disability (Oswestry, p = 0.77), the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (60 % → 57 %; p = 0.68) or overall BMI (-0.03 kg/m²; p = 0.40).

Conclusions. The intervention markedly reduced ergonomic risk and enhanced staff wellbeing. The lack of immediate clinical improvements suggests that musculoskeletal benefits may require longer follow-up. Future research should increase sample size and extend follow-up into the medium to long term to gauge the sustained effects of the implemented changes.